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Posted on behalf of David (s/v Serendipity)
A twin headsail rig was the initial downwind rig on our circumnavigation. We sailed about 10,000 miles with it but its disadvantages eventually proved its downfall. Let me explain.
If you are going to sail the classic milk run route across the Atlantic, the twin headsail set up works well because once you turn west the wind is generally pretty much dead aft. It can be a bit of a palaver to set up even on the dockside – and even with a dedicated halyard for the second headsail run from the foredeck through a block attached at the head of the genoa. You rig it with one headsail poled out to windward with the spi pole braced for and aft, the other sails sheet led through a block on the end of the boom (braced with a preventer). (I have no experience of the Twistle Rig). This is a very versatile rig, easy to adjust when a squall approaches, and can easily be rolled away out of harm’s way. In my view it is pretty bombproof. It is true that, if the sails are both in the foil’s luff groove(s) there is a small risk that the foil can split in a squall but you can easily guard against that by keeping a roll in the furler. This rig works well if the true wind is above say 15kts (i.e. trade wind conditions) and the rig can be carried safely day and night. If the wind does go light, the rig can easily be rolled away and the pole is already rigged and braced for a cruising chute or similar. I used to be a big fan of this set up but over time its shortcomings began to take their toll: • It can be very rolly, there being no dampening from the main. • You can only use it with the apparent wind circa +/-140 degrees – less if there is any appreciable rolling. (If you have twin poles when maybe +/-130 is possible). (Note that this is a real drawback once you are through Panama because in our experience the wind was pretty much on the quarter 120/130 degrees apparent for most of the rest of the circumnavigation.) However, probably its biggest drawback on a long passage is that, when the wind goes ahead you find the windward sail backs and needs to be taken over to leeward. If you set lazy sheets that is easy enough. However, you can’t sail like that indefinitely; there is small but appreciable movement between the two sails which will chafe through the stitching and shorten the life of both sails. So if you are going to sail like that for any length of time (my guide was 12 hours) then one or other head sail has to come down. That is not too hard to do, but when the wind goes aft again and you want to re- erect the twin headsails you are in for much fun and games in a rolling and pitching sea. It is very difficult to do on my boat, even in a calm sea – and pretty nigh impossible short-handed. So once it was down – it stayed down till the end of the passage – perhaps several days later leaving you without a downwind rig for the rest of the passage, other than light winds. We found a much more versatile set up was to brace the mainsail to leeward with the preventer, lead the genoa sheet through the spi-pole braced to windward – a classic poled out genoa. However, if you are lucky enough have a cutter rig, then then fly the staysail on the leeward side at the same time, but strapped in quite tight. The staysail funnels the wind onto the genoa then through the gap between them and provides substantial resistance against rolling, making the journey much more comfortable. We used this rig for the remaining 35,000 miles – often in preference to a cruising chute, simply because it requires little attention. You can carry this rig +/- 120 degrees because you can trim the head sail independently. The main advantage is that if the wind goes ahead you can take the headsail to the other side easily to reach for a while then when it goes aft again it is simple to re-erect at sea. You can’t sail as deep with this rig as you can with the twin headsails, so you will need to gybe down wind to maintain boat speed. However, because there is less roll and less slack in the sails, it is a quicker rig than twin headsails by some margin. It is hard to provide hard evidence to support that statement, other than I believe it and that our average days’ run had increased by more than 15% by the end of our circumnavigation compared with the first 10,000 miles. With the twin headsails, we were quick to reach for the cruising chute to keep us going when the wind dropped. With this poled out headsail with staysail, the speed penalty was not too hard to bear; after a while, unless the wind got really light, we wouldn’t bother with the cruising chute. Slept much better
Chafe
Flying a downwind rig for any length of time does introduce chafe problems particularly at the spi-pole end – we had the rig collapse on to the guardrail more than once eventually necessitating a replacement spi-pole. By the end of the circumnavigation, we were rigging the end of the pole with a small rope grommet through the fixed eye. To that we attached a block and ran the sheet through that to avoid friction. The snap shackles on the end of the guys and uphaul will eventually to wear a groove in the aluminium pole end so our fore and aft guys/downhauls were knotted onto the grommet using a round turn then a bowline; the uphaul knotted similarly to the top of the pole. This eliminated friction and thus chafe – at the spi pole end at least!
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